VERBS

 Clarify /ˈklærəfaɪ/

Ex: She asked him to clarify what he meant.

 Communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ 

Ex: We only communicate by email.

 Comprehend /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend/

Ex: The infinite distances of space are too great for the human mind to comprehend.

 Conclude /kənˈkluːd/

Ex: The report concluded that the cheapest option was to close the laboratory.

 Confirm /kənˈfɜːrm/

Ex: Please write to confirm your reservation.

 Converse /kənˈvɜːrs/

Ex: Dr. Senghas showed this by asking signers of different ages to converse about a set of photographs that each could see.

 Define /dɪˈfʌɪn/ 

Ex: The term ‘mental illness’ is difficult to define.

 Demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/

Ex: These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working.

 Distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

Ex: Early users, too, did not develop a way of distinguishing left from right.

 Emerge /ɪˈməːdʒ/

Ex: The language emerged in the late 1970s, at a new school for deaf children.

 Evolve /iˈvɒlv/

Ex: But how did language evolve in the first place?

 Explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/

Ex: First, I'll explain the rules of the game.

 Express /ɪkˈspres/

Ex: The older people clearly understood the concept of left and right, they just could not express it.

 Gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/

Ex: He gestured to the guards and they withdrew.

 Illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/

Ex: His lecture was illustrated with photos taken during the expedition.

 Imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/

Ex: Are you implying (that) I am wrong?

 Indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/

Ex: Nor could their younger partners teach them the signs that indicate left and right.

 Pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/

Ex: The individual sounds are very strange to other nationalities and often difficult for them to pronounce.

 Recall /rɪˈkɔːl/

Ex: She could not recall his name.

 Refer to /rɪˈfɜːr/

Ex: The other had to guess which photograph he was referring to.

 Signify /ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/

Ex: What does the term ‘patrician’ signify?

 State /steɪt/

Ex: He has already stated his intention to run for election.

 Stutter /ˈstʌtə/

Ex: I managed to stutter a reply.

 Suggest /səˈdʒest/

Ex: I suggest that we go out to eat.

 Translate /trænsˈleɪt/

Ex: By the time I got to university I could produce essays and translate eighteenth century texts without much difficulty.

IDIOMS

 There is something to be said for

Ex: There is something to be said for switching to solar energy, although it is still too expensive for many people.

 Needless to say

Ex: The tanker spilled 5,000 megaliters of oil into ocean. Needless to say, this has a devastating effect on marine life in the area.

 Have a say

Ex: I think it is important for everyone to have a say in how the government is elected.

 When all is said and done

Ex: When all is said and done, there is little we can do to save the environment without the full support of industry and the government.

 Having said that

Ex: Nuclear power has its problems. However, having said that, many people believe it is the energy source of the future.

 To say the least

Ex: Life without a constant supply of water can be difficult, to say the least.

 You can say that again!

Ex: A: He’s in a bad mood today!
B: You can say that again!

 That is to say

Ex: There is a clear link between humans and environmental problems. That is to say, wherever humans live, they damage the environment in some way.

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